Informatics Publishing Limited

Aruna Narayanan ¹, S. Sathish Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641014, IN

Abstract

A fruit is the ripened seed-bearing part of a plant which is sweet smelling, fleshy and edible. It may or may not contain seeds. It is well recognized that fruits are important components of a healthy diet and they are excellent sources of antioxidants. Antioxidants are substances which are both nutrients, namely vitamins E and C, carotene, selenium and non-nutrients, namely plant phenols, flavonoids, coumarins, benzyl isothiocyanates, caffeic, gallic and ellagic acids, some enzymes like superoxide dismutases and catalase. These antioxidants reduce the adverse effects of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species that are generated during physiological or pathological conditions and the resultant oxidant damage. Scientific experiments have established that fruit consumption could help to prevent a wide range of diseases. Epidemiological data support their protective effect against several types of chronic disorders, cancers and diseases. Insufficient intake of fruits is one of the risk factors for the worldwide non communicable disease burden.

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S. Sathish Kumar ¹, G. Melchias ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Trichy-2, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Nanotechnology is the design, characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanoscale. It involves the production, manipulation and use of materials ranging in size from less than a micron to that of individual atoms from not only chemical approaches but also biological materials. Silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized from AgNo3 through a simple green and natural route using the aqueous extract of shade dried leaves of Euphorbia hirta (L). Nano particle synthesis is proved under UVVis absorption spectroscopy. By using plant extract, silver nano particles synthesized which are quite stable and no visible changes are observed even after a month or so, if the nanoparticle solutions are kept in light proof condition. As nanoparticles have great application in medical world like gene therapy, cancer therapy, drug delivery etc. So medical world also easily accept the plant world for nanoparticle synthesis and welcome the higher plants for their potentiality of synthesis of non polluted, environmentally acceptable, safety for human health nanoparticles. Physical evolutions by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) were used to differentiate the Ag nanoparticles shape and structures. FESEM image divulges that silver nanoparticles are quite poly dispersed, the size ranging from 5.1642d.nm to 98.65d.nm measured by Diffuse Light Scattering (DLS) method. That is smaller than the nanometer. To that the plant E. hirta having the silver nanoparticles in the globular in shape .The move towards extracellular synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using dried biomass appears to be cost effective, ecological to that of conservative methods of green nanoparticles synthesis.

Keywords

Nanotechnology, Euphorbia hirta, Silver Nanoparticles.

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S. Sathish Kumar ¹, G. Melchias ¹, P. Ravikumar ², R. Chandrasekar ³, P. Kumaravel ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Biotechnology, Vysya College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Development of reliable green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by various plants and microorganisms has been reported in many research aspects. However, the probable of plants as natural materials for the synthesis of nanoparticles and their compatibility to biological systems is yet to be fully explored. In this study, we report a simple green method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Euphorbia hirta (E. hirta) leaves extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. After exposing the silver ions to E. hirta leaves extract, rapid reduction of silver ions is observed leading to the formation of silver nanoparticles in solution. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Particle size analysis. The synthesized silver nanoparticles show maximum zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholera and Salmonella typhi.

Keywords

Silver Nanoparticles, E. hirta, Antimicrobial Activity.

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S. Padmavathy ¹, S. Sathish Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Especially in many industries like food industry, oil industry they used shell and tube heat exchangers in boiler. In heat exchangers baffle plates plays a major role to hold tubes in position preventing sagging, both in production and operation. That reduces the vibration in long tubes during transmission of fluids. Mostly shell and tube heat exchanger segmental baffle plates are used in industries. The main drawbacks of segmental baffle plate are high pressure drop during heat transfer. Material wastages are also high. Due to the high reverse flow so corrosion occur in existing baffle plate used in the shell and tube heat exchanger. To avoid these drawbacks we have modified the existing baffle plate design. Design and analysis of the flower baffle plate we have been done using softwares. For modeling the heat exchanger we have used solid works to create the 2D model, 3D model parts and assembly. And for the analysis Computational Fluid Dynamics is used to calculate the Temperature, Pressure drop and vorticity. Analysis is done for both the segmental baffle plate and flower baffle plate for the best comparison of results. Thus result indicated that the reduce pressure drop and increase in heat transfer co-efficient is quite successful and there is also reduction in material wastages and increases the life of heat exchanger.

Keywords

Boundary Conditions, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Heat Exchangers, Shell and Tube.

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K. Anantharaman ¹, L. M. Lakshmanan ², S. Sathish Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mechanical Engg., P S G College of Technology, Coimbatore, IN
2 Dept. of Production Engg., P S G College of Technology, Coimbatore, IN

Abstract

The Small Manufacturing Enterprise (SME) plays a vital role in the industrial development of any country. The importance of the SME sector is well recognized world over from its significant contribution in gratifying various socio-economic objectives, such as higher growth of employment, output, promotion of exports and fostering entrepreneurship. Small Manufacturing Enterprises have to simultaneously meet various customer demands related to delivery times, quality, production processes, equipment, safety, environmental concerns, workforce, etc. They must be driven by both effective and efficient management approaches and strategies to do so. One approach to improving the performance is to develop and implement Six Sigma methodology. However, a number of SMEs are failing to successfully implement such strategies. The SMEs have limitations like limited human resources and free cash to test these techniques in their industries. Through this paper, an endevaour is made to enable every one to understand Six Sigma does not rely on complex or confusing high tech statistical techniques but rather on tried and true methods and tools that have been around us for decades. Its efficacy has been justified in this paper through a case study. The case study is taken to demonstrate how Six Sigma methodologies can be harnessed to reduce the rejection level of Lever Control assembly. This case study was done at a Small Scale Indian industry;DMAIC procedure is applied to remove the causes of valuations among the Lever Control Assembly. In this paper enough emphasis is also given on the fundamentals of Six Sigma, so the paper can help the manufacturer in reducing the defects in the manufactured product to Six Sigma level.

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R. Chandramohan ¹, S. Sathish Kumar ², V. Arul Prakash Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechatronics Engg, Sri Krishna College of Engg and Tech., Coimbatore-641 008, IN
2 Fluidics Limited, Coimbatore, IN

Abstract

Hydroforming process is a sheet metal forming process with higher metal drawing capability than other conventional methods. This process uses only the punch instead of punch & die & Hydraulic oil acts as the die for the forming operation. This paper deals with the automation of Hydroforming aluminum sheets of various thickness under various pressure using a graphical programming language catted LABVIEW which facilitates to control the operation of the process from remote place through networking, by just using an ordinary PC.

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